a) An immigration which increases rapidly in the twenties.
From the end of the war the number of Portuguese workers quickly increases. In 1931 there are about 50 000, most of the workers are employed on the big works of the chemistry, the metal industry, forest works. It was a strongly male immigration. The immigration is partially illegal.
The crisis of the thirties urges numerous workers to return to Portugal, but encouraged it the others to stay in France. The entrances of the Portuguese dropped in a spectacular way but did not stop completely.
B-The political exiles after military coup d'état of 1926
Military coup d'état of May, 1926, which installed in Portugal the long dictatorship which lasted until April 25th, 1974, brought to France a part of the Portuguese political exiles. It was the most important group of political exiles in France. For some of them, the passage in France was only a stage towards other exiles. Others stayed longer. These exiled Republicans, belonged to all the tendencies of the left and of extreme left Portuguese, and their social and professional origins were diverse. In 1927 a certain number grouped together into " Liga of Paris ", then at the time of the Spanish Civil War in brief "Fronte Popular". The Spanish republican defeat brought to France the Portuguese fighters who shared the chances of the welcome of the republican fighters. Some stayed in France, participating in the fights of the Resistance and the Liberation
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